Legal review2 min readApr 19, 2026

Extraordinary circumstances: when airlines may avoid compensation

Airlines often mention extraordinary circumstances, but the explanation should still be checked against the facts.

What extraordinary circumstances mean

Extraordinary circumstances are events the airline could not reasonably avoid even with appropriate measures. Severe weather, airport closure, security incidents, and some air traffic control restrictions are common examples.

If such an event genuinely caused the disruption, fixed compensation can become difficult.

Technical issues are not always enough

Passengers often hear that a flight was delayed for technical reasons. Routine technical failures and maintenance-related operational issues are not automatically extraordinary.

The details matter: what happened, whether it was part of normal airline operations, and what the airline did to limit the disruption.

Strikes need separate analysis

Not every strike has the same effect on compensation. Air traffic control strikes, airport staff action, and airline employee strikes may be treated differently.

The date, airport, operating airline, and public disruption information can all matter.

What passengers should do

Ask for a written explanation of the disruption. If the explanation is only given verbally, note the time, desk, and staff team if possible.

Even when fixed compensation is uncertain, rights to care, information, and rerouting may still apply.

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